What a repayment mortgage actually does

On a standard repayment mortgage, every monthly payment is split in two: part pays the interest owed that month, and part pays down the loan itself. Early on, most of your payment covers interest; as the balance falls, the split flips and more of your money goes to the capital. If you keep paying for the full term, the loan reaches zero at the end — that is why the term matters as much as the rate.

How much a mortgage costs each month

The table below shows the monthly repayment and total interest for different loan sizes at a 5% annual rate over 25 years — a common reference point for UK buyers. These are for a repayment mortgage with the rate held constant for the whole term; most real mortgages only fix the rate for 2–5 years before it changes.

Mortgage amountMonthly repaymentTotal paidOf which interest
£150,000£877£263,066£113,066
£200,000£1,169£350,754£150,754
£250,000£1,461£438,443£188,443
£300,000£1,754£526,131£226,131

MoneyHelper — How mortgages work · 5% p.a. illustrative, 25-year term, repayment basis

The interest rate matters more than you think

A small change in the rate has an outsized effect over 25 years. On a £250,000 mortgage, borrowing at 3% instead of 6% cuts the monthly payment by roughly £425 and saves about £128,000 of interest over the term:

Interest rateMonthly repaymentTotal interest
3%£1,186£105,658
4%£1,320£145,878
5%£1,461£188,443
6%£1,611£233,226

That is why the rate you secure matters so much — a 0.5% difference on a £250,000 mortgage is roughly £20,000–£25,000 of extra interest over a 25-year term.

How the term changes the cost

Stretching the term lowers the monthly payment but adds years of interest. On £250,000 at 5%:

TermMonthly repaymentTotal interest
15 years£1,977£105,857
20 years£1,650£145,973
25 years£1,461£188,443
30 years£1,342£233,139

Going from 30 years down to 20 years raises the payment by about £308 a month but saves roughly £87,000 of interest. The right term balances an affordable payment against how much interest you are willing to pay over your lifetime.

Repayment vs interest-only

With an interest-only mortgage you pay only the interest each month, so the loan never shrinks unless you have a separate repayment vehicle — the payment is much lower, but you must repay the full capital at the end. Interest-only is common for some buy-to-let and specialist cases, but for most homebuyers a repayment mortgage is the safer default. The Casvia mortgage calculator supports both so you can compare them directly.

Deposits, LTV and overpaying

Your deposit sets your loan-to-value (LTV) — the loan as a percentage of the property price. Smaller deposits (higher LTV) usually mean higher rates, which is why a bigger deposit can lower both your payment and your total interest. Stamp Duty is charged on the full purchase price regardless of deposit — see the Stamp Duty guide for what you will owe.

If you overpay a repayment mortgage, the extra goes straight off the capital, cutting both your term and your total interest. Most lenders let you overpay up to 10% a year without an early-repayment charge.

MoneyHelper — How to pay off your mortgage faster · overpayment allowances

Frequently asked questions

How much deposit do I need for a mortgage?
Most lenders ask for at least 5–10% of the property price. A deposit below 20% usually means a higher interest rate, while 40% or more often gets the best rates. Deposit size also affects how much Stamp Duty you need to budget for, since that is paid on the full price.
Is it better to overpay my mortgage or save?
It depends on your interest rate and alternatives. Overpaying a 5% mortgage is like earning a guaranteed, tax-free 5% — often better than cash savings. But keep an emergency fund first, and check your lender's 10% annual overpayment limit to avoid early-repayment charges.
Should I fix my mortgage rate?
A fixed rate gives certainty about your payment for the fix period (commonly 2–5 years); a variable or tracker rate can fall — but can also rise. The right choice depends on your appetite for payment risk and how long you plan to stay in the home.
Do the figures include fees and insurance?
No. The calculations cover just the loan repayment and interest. Arrangement fees, valuation fees, buildings insurance and life cover are separate costs you should add to your budget.
Educational tools only — not financial advice. Rates change frequently; always check the latest lender offers and official guidance.